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Abrasion Resistance
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Scope and Field of Application
BS 3900-E14 and ISO 7784-1 are alternative names for the same method which is intended for determining the resistance to abrasion of a dry film of paint, varnish or related product using abrasive paper attached to a rotating wheel.
BS 3900-E15 and ISO 7784-2 are alternative names for the same method which is intended for determining the resistance to abrasion of a dry film of paint, varnish or related product using rotating abrasive rubber wheel.
ASTM D4060 is similar to BS 3900-E15/ ISO 7784-2 and the differences between the method are summarised below.
There are no pass/fail criteria defined in the standards. This is a matter of agreement between the parties concerned.
The actual standards are copyright-protected documents and we are not able to provide you with copies. If required however, you can easily obtain copies from either the British Standards Institution or the American Society for Testing and Materials.
Summary of Methods
BS 3900-E14: ISO 7784-1
We only use this method to calibrate the equipment. It is essentially the same as BS 3900-E15: ISO 7784-2.
BS 3900-E15: ISO 7784-2
The dried film is abraded, under specified conditions, with abrasive rubber wheels which are attached to an abrasion testing machine known as a Taber abraser. The wheels are loaded with specified weights and the test is run for a specified number of cycles. The resistance to abrasion is defined as either:-
- the loss in mass after a specified number of abrasion cycles.
- the number of cycles requires to abrade down to an underlying coating or to the substrate.
ASTM D4060
The Taber abraser is also used for this method. It is operated in the same way and the resistance to abrasion is expressed as defined above. The main differences between the methods they way in which the results are expressed, The ASTM method defines resistance to abrasion in three ways:-
- the wear index which is 1000 times the mass loss in milligrams per cycle.
- the loss in mass after a specified number of abrasion cycles.
- the wear cycle per mil which is the number of cycles requires to wear a film through to the substrate per thousandth of an inch of film thickness.
The ASTM method includes information on the precision of the measurements both within and between laboratories and sets limits for acceptable variation.
The BS/ISO method includes a calibration procedure based on the weight loss obtained when a defined abrasive paper is used to abrade standard zinc panels.
When requesting tests to be carried out using either method, you need to specify the type of abrasive wheel to be used, the wheel loading and the number of cycles. The following wheels are available:-
| Coating Type to be Tested | Type of Wheel |
|---|---|
| Coatings of all types including those resistant to general handling | CS 10 |
| Floor coatings resistant to pedestrian traffic | CS 17 |
| Floor coatings resistant to vehicle traffic | H 22 |
In our experience the most common request is for 500 and 1000 cycles using CS 10 wheels with a 1000 gram load. Under these conditions you can expect a good epoxy floor coating to lose no more than 60 mg after 500 cycles and no more than 120 mg after 1000 cycles.
Sample Requirements
The requirement is the same for all tests. We need panels that are:-
- 100 x 100 x not more than 5 mm
- 6.3 mm diameter circular central hole.
- perfectly flat with a non-textured test surface
- weight less than 200 grams
- three panels for each system for the BS/ISO test
- at least two panels for each system for the ASTM test
We can cut larger panels to size for you or, if you wish, we can prepare the test panels. The quantity of liquid paint we needs depends on the method of application. We will be pleased to advise you regarding our requirements.
Accreditation
PRA is accredited to ISO 17025 by the United Kingdom Accreditation Service (UKAS), to carry out these tests.
Please contact Peter Collins for further details.
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